One question that often comes up during pregnancy is whether it is safe to eat certain foods, such as aguachiles. It also has some protein and dietary fiber. The carbohydrate content in pasta helps elevate the energy levels in pregnant women and keeps them active. However, pregnant women should avoid eating raw or. Cheesecakes tend to be high in calories and sugar. Save that spoonful of brownie batter or eggs over-easy until after pregnancy: Foods that contain runny or undercooked eggs can be infected with Salmonella. Cook eggs during pregnancy until the yolks are firm, and make sure dishes containing eggs – such as frittatas, stratas, quiche, and bread pudding –. According to Larousse, aguachile is a type of Mexican ceviche that hails from Sinaloa. Raw flaxseeds contain tiny amounts of cyanide, which can result in poisoning. 3. The most common species of pineapple in the US, the Smooth Cayenne, has a high acid content. While there is no definitive answer on whether or not aguachiles are safe to eat during pregnancy, it is generally recommended that pregnant women avoid. Using cannabis increases your risk of: Falling due to dizziness. For example, a sheet cake may have fewer hits than a bundt cake. Eating tapioca during pregnancy can provide essential nutrients to the mother-to-be which help in the growth and development. 6g carbs (14%) and 6. Here are some reasons why eating Brie Cheese during pregnancy is not bad after all. If you are going to eat rice Krispie treats while pregnant, try to make them at home. However, precautions should be taken to avoid food-borne illnesses. October 9, 2023 by Marjorie R. 4. Pregnancy is a delicate and crucial time, during which women need. Eating walnuts during pregnancy can also boost the development of a baby’s brain. 2. Watch on. These nutrients are essential, particularly for pregnant moms and kids, as they foster healthy fetal, infant and childhood development. 1. Hummus is a rich source of dietary fibre: the more fibre consumption, the better digestion. However, it is important to keep in mind that Gatorade is a sports drink and is designed to replace electrolytes and fluids that are lost during exercise. vegetable oil (any type) Put all the ingredients — except the oil — into a blender or food processor and blend on low speed until smooth. Raisins are rich in calcium as well as oleanolic acid both of which can help protect your teeth. One serving (5 crackers) contains 80 calories, 1 gram of protein, and 10 grams of carbohydrates. These fish are very high in important nutrients and are low in mercury. Peanuts. 1 small orange (96 g) 29 mcg. 8. Raw fish or seafood can cause food poisoning. However, before taking any medication during pregnancy, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional to ensure the safety and appropriateness of the product for your individual situation. Foods to Avoid While Pregnant. Yes! Pregnant women can eat hard cheese as well as soft cheese clearly labeled as "pasteurized. You have to watch out for the foods and beverages to avoid during pregnancy. Rogers, MA (English), Certified Consultant. A cup of sauerkraut supplies about 2 milligrams of iron, which is 7 percent of the 27 milligrams of iron you need each day during pregnancy. Can a pregnant girl eat Aguachiles? You should not eat ceviche while pregnant because it is made with uncooked seafood. Throughout their pregnancy, women are given recommendations of food to eat while pregnant and foods to avoid. Use more as needed. Constant hunger. Take a vitamin with 400 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid every day, before and during pregnancy. Total Time 45 mins. However, cold cuts—like prosciutto and pepperoni—are a different story. The high ricinoleic acid content of the oil stimulates bowel movements, acting as a laxative. Most people shake it off in a few days, but young children and pregnant women are more susceptible to listeriosis, the illness caused by the bacteria listeria. The eggs in the frittata are fully cooked and are also fine in pregnancy, as are all the cheeses. One Rice Krispie Treat (19g) has 90 calories. Pollock. If it says the product is “made with pasteurized milk,” it’s safe. When ordering out, ask for a well-done burger during pregnancy and hold the lettuce to help minimize. Other nutrients found in seafood—including protein, calcium, vitamin D and iron—help build bones and muscles. Squid ink contains many minerals and amino acids, such as melanin (which gives it its dark color) (source: PubMed). Tulsi leaves may not be completely safe for consumption during pregnancy, but you can eat 1-2 leaves a day. undercooked or raw meat, fish and seafood. Are shrimpsRead More →The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that pregnant women eat at least 8 ounces and up to 12 ounces (340 grams) of. DON'T EAT. Health Benefits of Eating Kiwi Fruit for Pregnant Women. First, avoid any dishes that contain raw or undercooked meat, eggs, or fish. Raw seafood. Refrigerate, stirring every 5 minutes, until all of the shrimp have turned opaque or white/pink in color. 2. But eating average amounts of seafood containing low levels of mercury during pregnancy hasn't been shown to cause problems. 4. Though the chances that the luncheon. Can I Eat Cold Bacon if I’m Pregnant? (Is Bacon a Deli Meat?) Cold bacon should be treated like deli meat, because it also falls under this classification. It is important to make sure the steak is cooked to the proper temperature, which is usually around 145 degrees Fahrenheit. Other things that cause heartburn are: . Some people believe that the seafood blend in this dish can make it vulnerable to bacteria growth, so it is best not to eat. The symptoms are similar to. Mussels are rich sources of many nutrients, yet they can be poisonous if consumed incorrectly. There is no need to stop eating fish during pregnancy if you love eating it. Eat this. soft-serve ice cream. 3. Herbal tea is not true tea. Let the lime juice cook the prawns slightly for 10 minutes. Eat at least three servings of iron-rich foods a day. Low-fat dairy products, such as skim milk, mozzarella cheese, and cottage cheese, can play a great role in a healthy pregnancy diet, but you should avoid unpasteurized milk and cheeses while pregnant. unpasteurised milk. Be sure to carefully read the label of any cheese you plan to eat to ensure it’s pasteurized. Pickles contain a very high amount of sodium. 4. 27 mcg. Trimester 3: an extra 450 calories per day than when you were not pregnant. During pregnancy, the basic principles of healthy eating remain the same — get plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein and. Raw fish or seafood can cause food poisoning. Can a pregnant girl eat Aguachiles? You should not eat ceviche while pregnant because it is made with uncooked seafood. Dried fig or anjeer in pregnancy can help a mother with digestive problems. Mangoes contain electrolytes such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sodium that help in maintaining the fluid balance (). (Sardines and herring are other good choices. Key Takeaways. It helps strengthen the immune system. Yes, you can eat Jersey Mikes while pregnant. For example, calamari is a good source of omega-3. It can be a lot to think about. If a pregnant woman is concerned about the safety of eating aguachiles, she can ask her doctor if it is safe to eat shrimp in moderation. Add the aguachile mixture to the shrimps. Folic Acid: Folic acid is a B vitamin that can help prevent major birth defects. 3. However, as with any food, it is important to wash them thoroughly and cook them properly before consuming. The same applies if you order the breakfast burrito. If not, stay away. Dark, leafy greens. Carry Food With You. Savory-but-sweet oatmeal dishes can be great for a quick lunch or a dinner side. Eating fish during pregnancy can be safe and healthy. Unpasteurized juices. The low mercury level applies to all clam types and species (source: EDF), including: Ocean and. The cheese at Chipotle (including the queso) is made from pasteurized ingredients, and so is Chipotle’s sour cream, as confirmed on their site (source: Chipotle ). Eating foods that don’t aggravate your stomach, such as crackers. 4. . The answer is generally yes, as long as the chicken is cooked thoroughly. “Raw seafood, such as sushi and oysters, is best avoided when pregnant,” says Strudwick. If you are underweight during pregnancy, then peanuts can help gain weight. Bloating: Donut consumption may lead to bloating due to the high sugar content they contain; this can cause discomfort or stomach upset when consumed excessively. However, it is important to consume it in moderation and choose high-quality ingredients. Split shrimp in half lengthwise and discard any veins. Certain foods like pickles can satiate their heightened senses of taste or smell, which is why pregnant women may crave pickles. Raw or undercooked eggs should be avoided during pregnancy because of the risk of Salmonella. Don't Abandon a Healthy Diet. The two main problems with eating seafood while pregnant are mercury and poorly cooked fish. Subway has an app that will cut down on your wait time. Final Words Can I eat aguachiles while pregnant? Often, people will ask a question like this. Always choose pasteurized products during. The fiber content in groundnuts can help ease constipation ( 9 ). Pregnancy is a time of many changes and challenges, both for the mother and the growing fetus. Shrimp is a good source of protein,. Mangoes are rich in vitamin C and help in the nutrient absorption of iron, which an expecting mother needs to overcome pregnancy-related-anemia i ( 3 ). While other snack foods may not contain a whole lotta goodness, popcorn is actually a great source of various nutrients. May 6, 2023 by Marjorie R. Restricts constipation. However, the average cake bar usually has about eight hits. Salt. The lime marinade chemically “cooks” the seafood, making it safe to eat. All types of pâté carry the risk of listeria (source: Journal of Food Protection). It is served cold, has tons of fresh flavors, and makes the perfect appetizer or main course. Yes, you can eat oregano while pregnant. It helps prevent neural tube defects and supports healthy cell division. Some pregnant women may be wary of eating aguachiles, despite. It’s wise during pregnancy to avoid any dairy products, including milk, eggs, and cheeses, that are unpasteurized. Since hot smoked meat is fully cooked during the hot smoking process, it only. Key Takeaways. In case, you aren’t sure of some particular fish, it is better to consult your health are provider. Course: Appetizer, Main Course. A single serving of hot Cheetos contains 170 calories, 250 mg of sodium, and 11 g of fat, all of which put you and your baby at risk of GI problems, high blood pressure, and weight gain. Know your food. You can certainly get some of that calcium with ice cream. Raw fish or seafood can cause food poisoning. Emotional Stress. Slice the shrimp in half lengthwise, then place in a bowl and sprinkle with salt. Side Effects of Eating Pumpkins While Pregnant. If you are pregnant and decide to eat aguachiles, make. What Pregnant Women Should Know About Eating at Subway. You can enjoy chocolate, especially dark chocolate, in moderation throughout your pregnancy. Honey Citrus Mint TeaUsing marijuana can also harm your own health and, in turn, your pregnancy. Pregnancy is a time of cautious food choices, with the goal of providing. Avoid raw sprouts during pregnancy due to the risk of bacterial contamination; cook them thoroughly. But a woman who eats too much fish during pregnancy may tip her child toward obesity, especially if the baby is a girl, says a new study. They are usually wrapped in corn husks or banana leaves before cooking. Raw cornstarch may be safe to consume in. 3. While Aguachiles are safe for most people to eat, pregnant women should avoid them due to the risk of foodborne illness. For this reason, it is best to avoid salami (and. The presence of resistant starch in rice facilitates the growth of beneficial bacteria in the stomach which helps in normal and smooth bowel movements during pregnancy. 2. In addition, raw bananas have a greater iron absorption percentage than cooked bananas. Yes, nopales are generally safe to eat during pregnancy. Other artificial sweeteners during pregnancy. We get it. Can. However, it is advised to clean them thoroughly to remove bacteria and tiny parasites from the berries. Certain meats. Pregnant women have a higher chance of getting sick, being sick longer, and having serious side effects. What is clam chowder? Clam chowder is a type of soup that originated in the New England region of the United States. But can you eat aguachiles while pregnant? Aguachiles can be a healthy addition to a pregnant woman’s diet, as it offers several benefits: Rich in protein: Shrimp, the main ingredient in aguachiles, is a good source of protein, which is essential for the growth and development of the baby. Advertisement Shrimp. This sausage contains high levels of fat, and having it in large quantities can negatively affect pregnancy. Here are a few benefits of raisins during pregnancy for mothers-to-be. Can I eat calamari? Squid is generally considered a safe food in moderation. However, too much salt can actually inhibit growth or cause Orbeez to shrink. You eat normally for five days but then eat only 400 to 500 calories on two other. 009 PPM (parts per million). Carbohydrate- and mineral-rich cornflakes can be a healthy breakfast option for pregnant women when paired with low-fat milk. Pregnancy is a time of many changes and challenges, both for the mother and the growing fetus. Fruit and vegetables in pregnancy. What happens if you eat a lot of seafood while pregnant? In pregnancy, eating too much fish can raise a child’s obesity risk, study says. , selenium, protein, and fiber, so there’s plenty of reasons to include this tasty treat. Combining sweet potatoes — another amazing pregnancy superfood — with the benefits of oats is a winning combination that will leave you energized and satisfied. Can a pregnant girl eat Aguachiles? You should not eat ceviche while pregnant because it is made with uncooked seafood. Can I eat calamari? Squid is generally considered a safe food in moderation. They can. But don’t overdo it. Aim for eating or drinking four servings of dairy products or other foods rich in calcium, like: Pasteurized cheese. Yes, you can eat fried or battered fish as long as it is a low-mercury variant and is cooked to an internal temperature of 145°F (14). “Raw seafood, such as sushi and oysters, is best avoided when pregnant,” says Strudwick. Store leftovers in fridge to reheat to at least 60 o C and use within a day of cooking. If cod is your go-to fish dish, there's no reason to stop eating it just because you're pregnant. A few people have stories of eating pineapple before having a miscarriage or entering labor, but statistically speaking, lots of. Cough drops are typically considered safe for use during pregnancy as the risk to the baby is minimal. However, pregnant women may wonder if it is safe to eat radish during. Vitamin D status is important for everyone—it’s one of the best vitamins to take for hormonal imabalance, and it helps with skeletal health, hormonal regulation, and blood sugar balance. 1. No, I wouldn't and didn't. Boba is a popular drink that originated in taiwan and is made of tapioca pearls, tea, milk, and sweeteners. Sushi is off-limits during pregnancy for two reasons: 1. Consider some forms of corn are not good for pregnant ladies, including corn syrup and popcorn; however, other forms including corn. 4. Mix to combine. Helps Prevent Acidity and Heartburn. 2. Sweeteners like sorbitol and xylitol, which are commonly found in sugar-free candies and chewing gum, are considered safe to use during pregnancy. It is a common assumption that avoiding too much sugar is preferable during pregnancy. Women who are pregnant have a greater risk of becoming ill, remaining sick for a longer period of time, and experiencing major adverse consequences. Consuming fish that hasn’t been thoroughly cooked can sicken moms-to-be and endanger their unborn babies. Pregnant women have a higher chance of getting sick, being sick longer, and having serious side effects. Yes, you can eat whiting fish while pregnant. Octopus can be high in cholesterol, although recent scientific evidence has found that dietary cholesterol doesn’t necessarily affect blood cholesterol levels (source: PubMed). Always check the expiration date and properly store and handle sausages to ensure food safety. Chicken is low in fat content. Smoked fish/seafood: That means no smoked salmon and Lox though you can enjoy it if it’s been cooked to steaming hot or if its purchased in a shelf stable can. Broccoli salad with bacon and spinach and bacon pasta are appetizing bacon recipes for pregnant women. Raw fish or seafood can cause food poisoning. As with the Jade Citrus tea above, you may want to stick to small amounts of this tea, as there is not enough evidence to know for sure if lemon verbena is safe when pregnant (Source: IJPR). Expired sausage may contain harmful bacteria that can lead to foodborne illnesses, which can be particularly risky for pregnant women. If you cook them well, they say, it’s OK. The main foods to avoid include: soft cheeses. If you’re pregnant and have a craving for a McDonald’s McChicken, you may be wondering if it’s safe to eat. At home, the temperature should reach at least 145 F for whole cuts, 160 F for ground meats like hamburger, and 165 F for. Pregnant women should aim to consume no more than 30 mg/day of vitamin E, but this would be over 100g of pecans – far more than the average portion. These legal technicalities became deeply relevant when my job as cheese-guide means helping a pregnant. Additionally, some people may be more sensitive to the saponins in nopales, which can cause. Helps you fight cough and cold: Your. Legumes are great plant-based sources of fiber, protein, iron, folate, and. Don't exceed 45 mg a day. You can get the required amount of folic acid from fortified bread and cereal. Reasons To Avoid Chinese Food During Pregnancy. One serving of pistachios can fulfil almost all your daily requirements of iron, calcium, folate, and potassium when pregnant. Moreover, opt for plain rather than flavored variety, as the former may have added sugar ( 3) ( 4 ). Hi! Pregnancy cravings are a powerful force, for sure. While McDonald’s is known for its fast food options, it can be. The process is to open it like a butterfly and not cutting all the way through. 2. Regular consumption of yogurt is known to reduce chances of preeclampsia, a condition that affects an estimated 5–7% of all pregnancies, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It is important to eat healthy food during pregnancy for your well-being and normal fetal. Yes, it is generally safe to eat aguachiles while pregnant as long as the shrimp is fully cooked. Another popular Starbucks tea, Mint Majesty has spearmint, peppermint, and lemon verbena. Foods to Avoid While Pregnant. Pregnant women can eat cucumbers in all trimesters of pregnancy, so long as the cucumber is thoroughly washed before being eaten. In fact, some studies estimate protein requirements for pregnant women to be 1. Prepare the shrimp. It's OK to eat smoked seafood if it's an ingredient in a casserole or other cooked dish. However, there is some debate about whether or not it is safe to eat guacamole during pregnancy. Yes, you can eat the bacon and Gouda roll from Starbucks – all the ingredients in it are pregnancy-safe. The notion that white sesame seeds are not safe for consumption during pregnancy is nothing but a myth. 3. Research suggests eating between 8 and 12 ounces of shellfish or fish per week, which is two or three meals. Getting injured because of impaired judgment. " Pasteurization involves heating milk to a specific temperature to kill potentially dangerous bacteria. Hydrating throughout the day. Apricots are a good source of beta-carotene. 2 grams per kilogram of body weight per day during early pregnancy and 1. Toss well and adjust seasonings to taste. The fetus relies on maternal vitamin D intake, which is why it’s one of the most important vitamins to take while pregnant. After 10 minutes take the prawns out of the fridge. 1. Mac and cheese typically consists of. Pepperoni is also high in sodium. Yes, you can eat boba while pregnant as long as it’s made with safe ingredients. Eat More Frequently. A 100 gram slice of a store-bought plain cheesecake has 350 calories, 27. Oregano is a common ingredient in many Italian dishes and is perfectly safe to consume during pregnancy. It’s fine to eat a Lunchable every once in a while during your pregnancy if you find you’re having a strong craving for one. 5g of fat, 28g carbohydrates, 4g of protein and less than 270mg sodium . CS: Aguachile is nothing like ceviche. Also, avoid foods made with raw or undercooked eggs as well as over easy eggs while pregnant (unless those eggs are pasteurized), including: Fresh made dressings or homemade. When choosing seafood to eat during pregnancy, this list is a good choice. Legumes are great plant-based sources of fiber, protein, iron, folate, and calcium — all of which your body. Increases Energy Level. S afety during pregnancy: Fresh sausage is safe to eat if you refrigerate it properly and cook thoroughly. For more on this, check out this guide to sandwich fillings in. Food historians I’ve spoken to have said that it has to do with the influx of Japanese migrants to Baja California. Whiting is a type of white fish that is low in mercury and high in protein, both of which are important for the health of your baby during pregnancy. 1. 2. Image: Shutterstock. So. 8 L) of water. Is fish safe during pregnancy? Eating enough of the right types of seafood is not only healthy but recommended for both you and your baby. Finally, be sure to eat the queso fresh and hot; reheated queso can sometimes cause foodborne. Consuming rice will give you the strength and energy during pregnancy. Pollock. You must consume spicy foods to induce labour. During your pregnancy, foods to avoid include: Raw, unpasteurized milk and soft cheeses made from unpasteurized milk. In some cases, kiwifruits may give rise to allergic reactions, such as asthma, rashes, and diarrhea. Helps fight colds and coughs Getting a cold while pregnant is horrible. While the dish may be safe for those with a strong immune system, pregnant women’s immune systems are naturally weakened, and they are therefore especially vulnerable to consuming contaminated food. ) contains caffeine, which is not safe for pregnant women. Yogurt is a rich source of protein and can help a pregnant woman get her. Overall, as long as the salad greens are well-washed and the toppings and dressings are safe during pregnancy, there are no unwanted side effects from enjoying a daily salad while pregnant. Again, pregnant women should. Popped corn is a whole grain, and in its plain form is super low in calories and fat. pre-prepared or unwashed fruits and vegetables. Place the cleaned king prawns in a small bowl and add the juice of 2 limes. Certain ingredients such as. 66 Reviews. If you like albacore (white) tuna, limit yourself to 6. Grapefruit nutrition during pregnancy contains potassium and lycopene, which lower raised levels of pressure and prevent high blood pressure or pre-eclampsia from occurring. Licorice is incredibly popular in Nordic countries. These nutrients are very effective in increasing haemoglobin and thus help in preventing/treating anaemia during pregnancy. Takeaway. Anchovies: Very economical and packed with healthy omega-3s. While it’s obviously wisest to avoid the ones containing meat to limit your risk of contracting Listeria, that doesn’t leave you with too many options to choose from when it comes to Lunchables. Hot take-away chicken. These include: Canned or Tinned Salmon. Smoked Salmon Pate is not safe for pregnant women, either hot or cold smoked. In 2005 a Japanese study randomly tested raw minced tuna and fish eggs from retail stores. Pears are sweet, tart-tasting fruits mostly available during the summer months. This pressure can push the contents of the stomach past the weakened sphincter and up into the esophagus, also leading to heartburn. Keep in mind that shrimp has much lower levels of zinc, B12, manganese and selenium (source: Nutrition Data). Tamales are a Mexican dish made with cornmeal dough filled with various ingredients like meat, cheese, vegetables and chilies. If the salami is cooked, it should be safe: as long as it’s heated until steaming hot (165 °F), you can eat it without risk of food poisoning. When cooked, both crab and imitation crab are safe to eat during pregnancy. They are packed with calories that help you achieve a healthy weight ( 8 ). Avoid raw fish and shellfish. Because it is created with fish that has not been cooked, ceviche is something you should avoid eating if you are pregnant. But you may want to limit how much of it you eat. Due. Talk to a doctor. For most healthy adults, the bacteria may not cause any serious problem; this is not the case for pregnant women where listeriosis (the name of the infection) can lead to miscarriage, early delivery or stillbirth. They are known to contain listeria bacteria, which can readily move from the mother to the placenta causing serious complications including fetal death. How much shrimp and crab can you eat while pregnant? Shrimp contain low levels of mercury; they also are low in fat content and high in protein, making them a healthy choice for pregnant mothers. There are anecdotal reports of birth defects, complications with pregnancies, and other issues arising from shroom usage during pregnancy, but none of these have been substantiated. Yes, you can eat canned sardines while pregnant. Aguachile raw shrimp is a seafood dish that is made from shrimp that has been peeled and deveined. You should not eat ceviche while pregnant because it is made with uncooked seafood. There are also some foods that are safe to eat, but you need to be careful not to have too much of them. Getting fresh air. These ingredients can harbor harmful bacteria that can put you and your baby at risk for food poisoning. Helpful hints for eating at Subway while pregnant: 1. No, it is not safe to eat expired sausage during pregnancy. These traditional Mexican dishes are typically made with. Raw or undercooked meat. In fact, dishes like shrimp ceviche are prepared this way. While common pregnancy cravings can be strange, some of the most common cravings are chocolates, lemons, spicy and tangy food, ice, ice-creams, potato chips, sweets, and even pickles during pregnancy. High sodium intake can be dangerous for your unborn baby and you if taken regularly over a period of time. These include lentils, peas, beans, chickpeas, soybeans, and peanuts. Types of Salmon That are Safe to Eat in Pregnancy. Electrolytes ensure optimal heart health and make the brain, nerves, and the muscles work as they should. Every ounce of cashew nuts contains 1. Generally speaking, no more than 4 ounces (1/2 cup) of pasteurized sour cream should be consumed per day. alcohol. Because your body is so busy making a baby, you'll need more liquids than ever. The eggplant, also known as brinjal, is one of the most common vegetables eaten in Indian households. You Can Eat Acai Berries: Acai berries are safe to eat during pregnancy, frozen and dried. Refrigerate for about 10-15 minutes until shrimp begin to turn pink. More than likely everything will be fine, but if at all possible. It shouldn’t be eaten cold, ‘as is’, without cooking. If it says the product is “made with pasteurized milk,” it’s safe. Benefits of Eating Pista When Pregnant. In fact, pasteurized cheese is a good source of calcium and protein, which promote strong bones and healthy growth in your baby. Guacamole is generally made from ripe avocados,. To add more depth to the hickey, use a lighter shade of red or pink to create a subtle ring around the inner part. Takis are a popular snack made from corn tortillas and flavored with various spices, such as chili powder, lime, and salt. When I was pregnant I really wanted ceviche and I made my own but I cooked the fish first. Helps Maintain Eye Health. The smoking doesn’t make any difference to its safety –. October 9, 2023 by Marjorie R.